Field Efficacy of Certain Insecticides against Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) on Maize (Zea mays L.) under Prayagraj Region of India

Survivorship and development of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), on conventional and transgenic maize cultivars expressing Bacillus thuringiensis Cry9C and Cry1A(b) endotoxins

Growth and development of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), were compared in two laboratory trials between individuals oered transgenic maize seedlings, conventional maize seedlings, or artificial diet. Transgenic maize seedlings in the first and second trials expressed Cry9C (Event CBH 351) and Cry1A(b) (Event MON 810) Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner) (Bt) endotoxin genes, r...

Acetylcholinesterase and insect growth inhibitory activities of Gutierrezia microcephala on fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith.

From the aerial parts of Gutierrezia microcephala (Asteraceae), four oxyflavones were isolated, namely 5,7,2'-trihydroxy-3,6,8,4',5'-pentamethoxyflavone (1); 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-3,6,8-trimethoxyflavone (2); 5,7,2',4'-tetrahydroxy-3,6,8,5'-tetramethoxyflavone (3); 5,2'-dihydroxy-3,6,7,8,4',5'-hexamethoxyflavone (4), and an ent-clerodane, bacchabolivic acid (5). Compounds 1-5, the synthetic methyl ...

Induced Resistance Studied in Maize with the Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and the Chemical Inducer Actigard

Maize (Zea mays L.).

Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation is an effective method for introducing genes into maize. In this chapter, we describe a detailed protocol for genetic transformation of the maize genotype Hi II. Our starting plant material is immature embryos cocultivated with an Agrobacterium strain carrying a standard binary vector. In addition to step-by-step laboratory transformation proced...

Cry1F Resistance in Fall Armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda: Single Gene versus Pyramided Bt Maize

Evolution of insect resistance to transgenic crops containing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) genes is a serious threat to the sustainability of this technology. However, field resistance related to the reduced efficacy of Bt maize has not been documented in any lepidopteran pest in the mainland U.S. after 18 years of intensive Bt maize planting. Here we report compelling evidence of field resistan...